Correct Answer: (4) not enough information is given to determine whether the organism is a plant or an animal

Most plants are green, but an animal like a frog (e.g. Rana clamitans) is also green. Aside from that, a single-celled chlorophyte like Phacus is also green in color. Therefore, color is not sufficient information to conclude the type of organism.

Correct Answer: (2) A hypothesis may lead to further investigation even if it is disproved by the experiment.

A hypothesis is an explanation for a question or a problem that can be formally tested by experimentation. The results of the experiment will help the scientist draw a conclusion abut whether or not the hypothesis is correct. In case that the hypothesis is incorrect, another hypothesis can be formed which is subject for further study.

Correct Answer: (2) B

The plasma membrane (B) is the boundary of the cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.

Incorrect Options:

The nucleus (A) is the organelle that contains the chromosomes.

The vacuole (C) is a membrane-enclosed sac taking up most of the interior of a mature plant cell and containing a variety of substances important in plant reproduction, growth, and development.

The chloroplast (D) is an organelle found in plants and photosynthetic protests that absorbs the sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water.

Correct Answer: (2) scientific inquiry involves the collection of information from a large number of sources.

In this case, physical appearance, skills, knowledge and personality were not enough information about the performance of a potential employee or as a health insurance holder. Genetic information can be added in order to be accurate in making decisions.

Incorrect Answers:

Scientific theories were proven through the use of several studies and information like experimentation and calculation. A single evidence is not enough to further conclude scientific dogmas.

Genetic study is not purely disadvantageous to the society. One advantage of genetics is the prenatal genetic tests like chorionic villus sampling, amniocentesis, and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling. These are done to determine whether the fetus has certain abnormalities, including certain hereditary or spontaneous genetic disorders prior to birth.

Correct Answer: (4) A=digestion B=amino acid molecules

Protein--like meat, fish, eggs, milk products, some vegetables, nuts, etc,--are long chains of amino acids. These are digested in the system by the aid of pepsin under acidic conditions. Most protein is absorbed in the form of single amino acids (the building blocks of protein), but some are absorbed as two or three amino-acid combinations.

Incorrect Answers:

Protein is not involved in the respiration of gases in the body.

Reproduction is not metabolic activity.

The primary product of excretion is ammonia, which is not a simple sugar molecule.

Correct Answer: (2) Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant environment (i.e. temperature, water levels, glucose concentrations) in the body. Example of this is vasodilation wherein the capillaries expand to bring blood closer to the surface of the skin to cope up with the increase of temperature brought about by strenuous exercise.

Synthesis, excretion, and locomotion are not the reasons why vasodilation occurs.

Correct Answer: (2) Community

Community is a collection of population of species living in a certain area at the same time. This community includes various organisms interacting with each other.

Incorrect Answers:

Ecosystem is made up of communities interacting with each other. The picture only captures one area; therefore it is just a community.

A population is composed of a number of organism belong to the same species which interbreed, live in the same area at the same time.

Species is a living individual controlled by the abiotic factors in its environment.

Correct Answer: (3) organelles→cells→tissues→organs→organ systems

Organ systems are made up of organs with different structures and functions but work together to perform a certain task (e.g. heart and blood work together for cardiovascular functions).

Organs (e.g. stomach) are made up of tissues which have the same structure and function. Cells make up these tissues (e.g. connective tissues). Organelles (e.g. nucleus) are parts of the cell.

Correct Answer: (3) Environments in which they were raised were different enough to affect the expression of their genes.

The twins have the same genotype or full hereditary information. However, they have different phenotypes. Phenotype refers to any observable traits of an organism like morphology and behavior. Phenotypes result from the expression of an organism's genes as well as the influence of environmental factors and possible interactions between the two.

Other options are false statements about heredity.

Correct Answer: (1) Replication

The DNA separates or unwinds at the origin  to synthesize new strands. This forms a replication fork. This "semiconservative process" of separation of the DNA strands happens so that the original double-stranded DNA serves as template for the reproduction of the complementary strand. Hence, following DNA replication, two identical DNA molecules have been produced from a single double-stranded DNA molecule.

Incorrect Options:

Fertilization is the union of two different gametes during sexual reproduction.

Differentiation is the process of changing in structure to perform a specialized task.

Evolution is the alteration of genetic composition of a population from one generation to the next.